@article {kunz2018,
	title = {Investigating small scale air-sea exchange processes via thermography},
	journal = {Front. Mech. Eng.},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2018},
	doi = {10.3389/fmech.2018.00004},
	author = {Jakob Kunz and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@article {kiefhaber2015a,
	title = {Influence of natural surfactants on short wind waves in the coastal Peruvian waters},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {1291{\textendash}1325},
	doi = {10.5194/osd-12-1291-2015},
	author = {Daniel Kiefhaber and Christopher J Zappa and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {jaehne2012g,
	title = {Investigation of small-scale air-sea interaction processes by active thermography},
	booktitle = {Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {358--361},
	doi = {10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351564},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Leila Nagel}
}
@conference {kiefhaber2011b,
	title = {Improved optical instrument for the measurement of water wave statistics in the field},
	booktitle = {Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces 2010},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {524--534},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.14958},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2433/156156},
	author = {Daniel Kiefhaber and Roland Rocholz and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {S. Komori and W. R. McGilles and R. Kurose}
}
@conference {jaehne2010,
	title = {Investigating the mechanisms of air-water gas transfer by quantitative imaging techniques: history, current progress and remaining challenges},
	booktitle = {6th Int. Symp. Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, Kyoto, May 17--21, 2010},
	year = {2010},
	note = {abstract keynote talk},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.14927},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {kiefhaber2009,
	title = {Instrument development for combined height/slope/curvature statistics measurements of wind water waves in the field},
	booktitle = {Poster abstracts SOLAS Open Science Conference, Barcelona, 16--19 Sep. 2009},
	year = {2009},
	abstract = {An optical method for the measurement of slope statistics of capillary and short gravity wind waves on the ocean is currently under development. Specular reflections from infrared LED light sources are observed on the water surface with a stereo camera setup. The principle is similar to Cox \& Munk{\textquoteright}s derivation of slope statistics from photographs of the Sun{\textquoteright}s glitter. Fractional area of the speckles in the image is related to the local slope probability distribution, speckle size and brightness is correlated with surface curvature, and the local water height can be inferred from parallax in the stereo images. The instrument measures slope statistics locally, making it a beneficial appendix to air-sea interaction measurements. It is scheduled to accompany heat transfer experiments in the Baltic Sea in phase II of the SOPRAN project.},
	author = {Daniel Kiefhaber and Roland Rocholz and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {withopf2007a,
	title = {Improved training algorithm for tree-like classifiers and its application to vehicle detection},
	booktitle = {Proc. IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {642--647},
	abstract = {We propose a new training algorithm for tree classifiers and cascades for object detection and compare it to a standard algorithm for cascade training. Our experiments show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the number of features needed per stage by incorporating the output of the previous stage as a weak learner into the next stage. This approach also speeds up the classification while maintaining the same detection accuracy. The analysis of the features selected by the algorithm provides further insights into its functioning.},
	doi = {10.1109/ITSC.2007.4357644},
	author = {Daniel Withopf and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@incollection {jaehne2007f,
	title = {The influence of intermittency on air/water gas transfer measurements},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	abstract = {This paper theoretically investigates the influence of intermittency on determining average transfer velocities using different measuring techniques. It is shown that all measuring techniques can significantly be biased by intermittency. Mass balance and eddy correlation measurements are only biased when the concentration difference between the air and the water is spatially or temporally inhomogeneous over the measurement interval. Mean transfer velocities calculated either from mean boundary layer thicknesses or from thermographic techniques, which compute the mean transfer velocity either from concentration differences of from time constants, are biased toward lower values. The effects can be large and a simple stochastic bimodal model is used to estimate the effect.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-36906-6_18},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Christopher Popp and Uwe Schimpf and Christoph S. Garbe and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {Christoph S. Garbe and Handler, R. A.}
}
@conference {falkenroth2006a,
	title = {Imaging concentration profiles of water boundary layer by Double-Dye LIF and inverse modelling},
	booktitle = {Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft, Spring Conference, Heidelberg, 15.-17.03.2006},
	year = {2006},
	publisher = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft},
	organization = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft},
	url = {http://www.dpg-verhandlungen.de/2006/heidelberg/up.html},
	author = {A. Falkenroth and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {rocholz2006,
	title = {Imaging System for combined slope/height measurements of short wind waves : ISHG},
	booktitle = {Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft, Spring Conference, Heidelberg, 15.-17.03.2006},
	year = {2006},
	publisher = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft},
	organization = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft},
	url = {http://www.dpg-verhandlungen.de/2006/heidelberg/up.html},
	author = {Roland Rocholz and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@incollection {schimpf2006a,
	title = {Infrared imaging: a novel tool to investigate the influence of surface slicks on air-sea gas transfer},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {239--252},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {The influence of surface films on air-sea gas exchange at low and moderate wind speeds is investigated. Observations were made in the small Heidelberg circular wind-wave facility and in coastal and offshore waters south of Cape Cod, New England. The passive controlled flux technique was used to investigate the micro turbulence very near the water surface, which controls the rate of transfer of momentum, heat, and mass across the air-sea interface. The analysis of infrared image sequences allows the estimation of the net heat flux at the water surface, the skin-bulk temperature difference across the thermal sublayer and thus the heat transfer velocity. Using Schmidt number scaling, estimates of the gas transfer velocity are obtained. Experimental evidence shows that increased surface film concentrations suppress near surface turbulence and thus decrease the gas exchange compared to a slick-free ocean interface. If a surfactant is present, turbulent mixing is dampened and direct renewal of the surface is inhibited. A surface slick changes the hydrodynamic boundary conditions in that the length scales of near surface turbulence controlling air sea gas exchange are modified. The micro-scale temperature fluctuations at the water surface indicate that at low wind speeds the transport process is dominated by large-scale turbulence, whereas at higher wind speeds the smallest observed scales dominate the transport.},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-33271-5_21},
	author = {Uwe Schimpf and Nelson M. Frew and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Heinrich H{\"u}hnerfuss},
	editor = {Martin Gade and Gerald M. Korenowski}
}
@inbook {schimpf2005,
	title = {Infrared imaging: a novel tool to investigate the influence of surface slicks on air-sea gas transfer},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {239-252},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {3},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-33271-5_21},
	author = {Uwe Schimpf and Nelson M. Frew and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Heinrich H{\"u}hnerfuss},
	editor = {Martin Gade and Gerald M. Korenowski}
}
@article {schimpf2004,
	title = {Investigation of transport processes across the sea surface microlayer by infrared imagery},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	volume = {109},
	number = {C8},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {C08S13},
	abstract = {Heat is used as a proxy tracer for gases to study the transport processes across the sea surface microlayer. Infrared imaging techniques permit fast measurements of heat transfer velocities and give an insight into the transport mechanisms across the thermal sublayer. The observed fluctuations of the sea surface temperature suggest that surface renewal is the major turbulent transport mechanism at medium and high wind speeds. The scale space analysis of the temperature patterns at the sea surface with respect to their contribution to the skin-bulk temperature difference shows the turbulent nature of the transport process. Large-scale turbulence dominates the transport at low friction velocities, whereas small-scale turbulence is more dominant at higher wind friction. The skin-bulk temperature difference is estimated by fitting the measured sea surface temperature distribution with a PDF function based on a surface renewal model. Periodic heat flux switching in the wind-wave flume delivers independent estimates of surface and bulk temperature and verifies the statistical approach, whereas at very low wind speeds and film-covered surfaces the statistical method underestimates the skin-bulk temperature difference across the thermal sublayer. The large scatter of the transfer velocities when plotted versus wind speed indicates that not only the wind shear but also other processes such as the wave field and surfactants influences near-surface turbulence and thus air-water gas transfer.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2003JC001803},
	author = {Uwe Schimpf and Christoph S. Garbe and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {jaehne2003a,
	title = {Image sequence analysis in environmental and live sciences},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition},
	volume = {2781},
	year = {2003},
	note = {invited},
	pages = {608--617},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Image sequence processing techniques are essential to study dynamical processes such as exchange, growth, and transport processes. In this survey paper, a generalized framework for the estimation of the parameters of dynamic processes including motion fields is presented. Some examples from environmental and live sciences illustrate how this framework helped to tackles some key questions that could not be solved without taking and analyzing image sequences.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-45243-0_77},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {B. Michaelis and G. Krell}
}
@article {wenig2003,
	title = {Intercontinental transport of nitrogen oxide pollution plumes},
	journal = {Atmos. Chem. Phys.},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {387--393},
	doi = {10.5194/acp-3-387-2003},
	author = {Mark Wenig and N. Spichtinger and A. Stohl and G. Held and S. Beirle and T. Wagner and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Ulrich Platt}
}
@article {wenig2002,
	title = {Intercontinental transport of nitrogen oxide pollution plumes},
	journal = {acpd},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {2151--2165},
	doi = {10.5194/acpd-2-2151-2002},
	author = {Mark Wenig and N. Spichtinger and A. Stohl and G. Held and S. Beirle and T. Wagner and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Ulrich Platt}
}
@conference {schimpf2002a,
	title = {On the investigations of statistical properties of the micro turbulence at the ocean surface},
	booktitle = {Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces},
	volume = {127},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {51--57},
	publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
	organization = {American Geophysical Union},
	doi = {10.1029/GM127p0051},
	author = {Uwe Schimpf and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker},
	editor = {E. S. Saltzman and M. A. Donelan and R. Wanninkhof and W. M. Drennan}
}
@conference {wenig2001a,
	title = {Image sequence analysis of satellite NO$_2$ concnetration maps},
	booktitle = {Pattern Recognition, 23rd DAGM Symposium Munich},
	volume = {2191},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {223--230},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Here we describe a new method for the quantification of a global NOx budget from image sequences of the GOME instrument on the ERS-2. The focus of this paper is on image processing techniques to separate tropospheric and stratospheric NO2-colums using normalized convolution with infinite impulse response filters (IIR) to interpolate gaps in the data and average the cloud coverage of the earth, the estimation the NO2 life time and the determination of regional NOx source strengths.},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-45404-7_30},
	author = {Mark Wenig and Carsten Leue and S. Kraus and T. Wagner and Ulrich Platt and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {B. Radig and S. Florczyk}
}
@incollection {geissler2000b,
	title = {Imaging optics},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {53--84},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {3},
	author = {Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {Hau\DFecker, H.}
}
@conference {schimpf2000a,
	title = {On the investigations of micro turbulence at the water surface using infrared imaging},
	booktitle = {IARGSS 2000},
	year = {2000},
	doi = {10.1109/IGARSS.2000.858091},
	author = {Uwe Schimpf and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@incollection {haussecker1999f,
	title = {Illumination sources and techniques},
	volume = {1: Sensors and Imaging},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {137--162},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {6},
	author = {Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker}
}
@incollection {jaehne1999d,
	title = {Image warping},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {193--206},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {9},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker},
	editor = {Peter Gei{\ss}ler}
}
@incollection {gei{\ss}ler1999,
	title = {Imaging optics},
	volume = {1: Sensors and Imaging},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {63--101},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {4},
	author = {Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker}
}
@incollection {haussecker1999d,
	title = {Interaction of radiation with matter},
	volume = {1: Sensors and Imaging},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {37--62},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {3},
	author = {Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker}
}
@incollection {jaehne1999e,
	title = {Interpolation},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {175--192},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	chapter = {8},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Horst Hau{\ss}ecker},
	editor = {Peter Gei{\ss}ler}
}
@conference {scholz1996,
	title = {In-situ determination of cell concentration in bioreactors with a new depth-from-focus technique},
	booktitle = {Proc.\ Optical 3-D Measurement Techniques IV, Zurich, Sept. 29 - Oct. 2, 1997},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {392--399},
	author = {Thomas Scholz and Bernd J{\"a}hne and H. Suhr and G. Wehnert and P. Geissler and K. Schneider}
}
@conference {jaehne1995a,
	title = {An imaging optical technique for bubble measurements},
	booktitle = {Proc. Sea Surface Sound {\textquoteright}94},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {290--296},
	publisher = {World Scientific},
	organization = {World Scientific},
	doi = {10.1142/9789814447102_0019},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Peter Gei{\ss}ler},
	editor = {Buckingham, M. J. and Potter, J. R.}
}
@conference {jaehne1995b,
	title = {Impact of quantitative visualization and image processing on the study of small-scale air-sea interaction},
	booktitle = {Air-Water Gas Transfer, Selected Papers, 3rd Intern. Symp. on Air-Water Gas Transfer},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {3--12},
	publisher = {AEON},
	organization = {AEON},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.10326},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {E. C. Monahan}
}
@conference {scholz1995a,
	title = {In situ determination of cell concentration in bioreactors with a new depth from focus technique},
	booktitle = {Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns},
	volume = {970},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {392--399},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {A new depth-from-focus technique is introduced that requires only a single image to determine the distance of simple shaped objects from the focal plane. The technique has been applied to evaluate the concentration of cells in a bioreactor during a fermentation process. Since the low-intensity fluorescent light gathered by a light-amplifying camera results in images of low signal-to-noise ratio, an adaptive smoothing filter is used. A sharpness criterion derived from bandpass decomposition of the image in a Laplacian pyramid is used to define a virtual measuring volume. In this volume, process parameters such as cell concentration, cell size and intensity of cell fluorescence are evaluated. The technique is also suitable for other types of simple objects.},
	doi = {10.1007/3-540-60268-2_321},
	author = {Thomas Scholz and Bernd J{\"a}hne and H. Suhr and G. Wehnert and P. Geissler and K. Schneider}
}
@conference {haussecker1995,
	title = {In situ measurements of the air-sea gas transfer rate during the MBL/CoOP west coast experiment},
	booktitle = {Air-Water Gas Transfer - Selected Papers from the Third International Symposium on Air-Water Gas Transfer},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {775--784},
	publisher = {AEON},
	organization = {AEON},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.10407},
	author = {Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Bernd J{\"a}hne and Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {E. C. Monahan}
}
@article {suhr1995a,
	title = {In-situ microscopy for on-line characterization of cell-populations in bioreactors, including concentration measurements by depth from focus},
	journal = {Biotechnology and Bioengineering},
	volume = {47},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {106--116},
	abstract = {A new technique is presented which allows the use of a front-end sensor head for in situ and on-line characterization of cell concentration and cell size during fermentation. An epifluorescence microscope is mounted in a port of a bioreactor viewing directly into the agitated broth. Still images from cells are generated using pulsed illumination. They are directly visualized on a monitor and used for automatic image analysis. The cell concentration and morphological information are determined by counting and evaluating the cell images with respect to their depth from focus characteristic. An in situ microscope was successfully tested during yeast fermentations and yielded results which correlated well with results from a hemocytometer.},
	doi = {10.1002/bit.260470113},
	author = {H. Suhr and G. Wehnert and K. Schneider and C. Bittner and Thomas Scholz and Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Bernd J{\"a}hne and T. Scheper}
}
@conference {haussecker1995b,
	title = {Interaction of short wind waves and turbulent shear flow as revealed by simultaneous wave slope and surface turbulence visualization},
	booktitle = {IAPSO Proceedings, XXI General Assembly, Honolulu, Hawai, August 1995, PS-10 Spatial Structure of Short Ocean Waves},
	number = {19},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {387},
	abstract = {Much work has been undertaken to understand the energy balance of wind waves, but almost no studies about the interaction between waves and turbulence are available up to now. In order to observe waves and surface turbulence simultaneously, measurements were performed in the large wind wave flume of Delft Hydraulics, The Netherlands. A new instrumental setup was used, combining an imaging slope gauge (ISG) with an active infrared technique (CFT). The ISG records time series of the two-dimensional slope within an image sector of 0.4m by 0.4m and a temporal resolution of 16ms. With the CFT, infrared radiators are used to force a constant heat flux through the water surface. The resulting surface temperature within the first 20 fim is observed with a Radiance 1 focal plane array IR camera in the 3-5um wavelenght range. With digital image processing techniques the dynamical behaviour of the water surface can be extracted. The resulting image sequences of temperature patterns are used to compute the 2-D flow field at the water surface. The flow field and wave slope image sequences reveal the significant influence of the turbulence distribution on the shape of the short wind waves. By analyzing properties of the wave field as wave length and phase velocity provided by the ISG the spatial structures of the surface waves can be compared with the scales of the turbulence structures and their dynamics.},
	author = {Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Markus Beyer and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@article {jaehne1994d,
	title = {Imaging of short ocean wind waves: a critical theoretical review},
	journal = {J. Opt. Soc. Am. A},
	volume = {11},
	year = {1994},
	pages = {2197--2209},
	abstract = {Optical techniques to measure the small-scale shape of the ocean surface, i.e., the short wind waves, are theoretically reviewed. The well-known shape-from-shading and shape-from-stereo paradigms from computer vision are applied to a specular reflecting surface such as the ocean surface and are used to study a variety of techniques. The analysis shows that most techniques for the imaging of short wind waves, such as Stilwell photography and various stereo techniques, have significant deficiencies. Stereophotography is plagued by insufficient height resolution for small waves and by the problem that, because of the specular nature of reflection at the water surface, features seen in one image are not necessarily found in the other (correspondence problem). Techniques based on light reflection (shape from reflection) are useful only for deriving wave-slope statistics, and techniques based on light refraction (shape from refraction) are found to be most suitable for wave slope imaging.},
	doi = {10.1364/JOSAA.11.002197},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and J. Klinke and Stefan Waas}
}
@conference {hausecker1994,
	title = {In-situ measurements of the air-sea gas transfer using heat as a proxy tracer},
	booktitle = {Proc. 2nd Inter. Conf. on Air-Sea Interaction and on Meteorology and Oceanography of the Coastal Zone, Lisbon, 22.--27. September 1994},
	year = {1994},
	author = {Horst Hau{\ss}ecker and Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@conference {jaehne1993,
	title = {Image sequence analysis of ocean wind waves},
	booktitle = {Imaging in Transport Processes},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {257--268},
	publisher = {Begell House Publishers},
	organization = {Begell House Publishers},
	url = {http://www.dl.begellhouse.com/references/1bb331655c289a0a,36adf33e6f249361.html},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and J. Klinke and Peter Gei{\ss}ler and Frank Hering},
	editor = {S. Sideman and K. Hijikata}
}
@conference {jaehne1993a,
	title = {Imaging of gas transfer across gas/liquid interfaces},
	booktitle = {Imaging in Transport Processes},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {247--256},
	publisher = {Begell House Publishers},
	organization = {Begell House Publishers},
	url = {http://www.dl.begellhouse.com/references/1bb331655c289a0a,36adf33e6f249361.html},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne},
	editor = {S. Sideman and K. Hijikata}
}
@article {jaehne1989a,
	title = {Investigating the transfer process across the free aqueous boundary layer by the controlled flux method},
	journal = {Tellus},
	volume = {41B},
	number = {2},
	year = {1989},
	pages = {177--195},
	abstract = {Theory and experimental results of a new method are described directly investigating the transfer processes across the aqueous viscous boundary layer. The method is based on a known and controllable flux density being applied at the interface. Then the local transfer velocity can be determined by monitoring the tracer concentration at the water surface within minutes. Moreover, the time constant for the transport across the boundary layer ("surface renewal time") can be measured directly. Comparison of the theoretical and measured frequency response of the boundary layer yields significant deviations. The technique is put into operation for heat transfer measurements. Direct comparisons with gas exchange measurements in several wind/wave facilities verify that the gas transfer velocity can be accurately extrapolated from the heat transfer measurements. A new way is opened both for detailed studies of the transfer processes in wind/wave facilities and the urgently needed direct parameterization of the transfer velocity as a function of windshear, wave parameters, and water turbulence in natural systems as rivers, lakes and the ocean. This paper includes (as a first example) measurements on the fetch dependency of the transfer process.},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0889.1989.tb00135.x},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and P. Libner and Fischer, R. and Thomas Billen and Erich J. Plate}
}
@conference {jaehne1987,
	title = {Image sequence analysis of complex physical objects: nonlinear small scale water surface waves},
	booktitle = {Proc. of 1st International Conference on Computer Vision},
	year = {1987},
	pages = {191--200},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.13126},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne}
}
@article {broecker1986,
	title = {Isotopic versus micrometeorologic ocean CO$_2$ fluxes: A serious conflict},
	journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	volume = {91},
	number = {C9},
	year = {1986},
	pages = {10517--10528},
	abstract = {Eddy correlation measurements over the ocean give CO2 fluxes an order of magnitude or more larger than expected from mass balance measurements using radiocarbon and radon 222. In particular, Smith and Jones (1985) reported large upward and downward fluxes in a surf zone at supersaturations of 15\% and attributed them to the equilibration of bubbles at elevated pressures. They argue that even on the open ocean such bubble injection may create steady state CO2 supersaturations and that inferences of fluxes based on air-sea pCO2 differences and radon exchange velocities must be made with caution. We defend the global average CO2 exchange rate determined by three independent radioisotopic means: prebomb radiocarbon inventories; global surveys of mixed layer radon deficits; and oceanic uptake of bomb-produced radiocarbon. We argue that laboratory and lake data do not lead one to expect fluxes as large as reported from the eddy correlation technique; that the radon method of determining exchange velocities is indeed useful for estimating CO2 fluxes; that supersaturations of CO2 due to bubble injection on the open ocean are negligible; that the hypothesis that Smith and Jones advance cannot account for the fluxes that they report; and that the pC02 values reported by Smith and Jones are likely to be systematically much too high. The CO2 fluxes for the ocean measured to date by the micrometeorological method can be reconciled with neither the observed concentrations of radioisotopes of radon and carbon in the oceans nor the tracer experiments carried out in lakes and in wind/wave tunnels.},
	doi = {10.1029/JC091iC09p10517},
	author = {Broecker, W. S. and Ledwell, J. R. and Takahashi, T. and R. Weiss and L. Merlivat and L. Memery and Bernd J{\"a}hne and K. O. M{\"u}nnich}
}
@incollection {jaehne1980a,
	title = {The influence of surface tension on gas exchange: measurements of gas exchange with alcohol/water mixtures in a circular wind-water tunnel},
	number = {17},
	year = {1980},
	pages = {103--108},
	publisher = {Univ. Hamburg},
	doi = {10.5281/zenodo.10262},
	author = {Bernd J{\"a}hne and U. Siegenthaler},
	editor = {H. C. Broecker and L. Hasse}
}
